It has been used "off-label" and shown in numerous studies to be safe when used for pain management, as discussed above. Ketamine is FDA approved for use in anesthesia and procedural sedation. The street name for ketamine is "K" or "Special K." It has been used recreationally as a drug of abuse. Clinicians are also using ketamine to treat patients with depression and suicidal ideation successfully. It has gained greater acceptance as concern has grown regarding opioid use. It is safe and effective to use in combination with injectable nonsteroidal pain medications as well as opioids. When used for pain management, sub-dissociative dosing, otherwise known as low-dose ketamine (LDK), is used, either alone or as an adjunct to other pain relief medications. There is a wealth of evidence indicating the value of ketamine in treating severe pain, including conditions such as trauma, fractures, abdominal and flank pain, low back pain, and extremity pain. Elderly patients, on the other hand, need lower dosing since they are slow metabolizers of this agent. Because children metabolize ketamine faster than adults, higher dosing is required than in the adult population. It can be safely used in a wide age range, beginning at three months. It can be utilized for procedures requiring short-term sedation/anesthesia, such as the reduction of fractures and dislocations, as well as in wound repair in uncooperative patients, especially children. It is the medication of choice for patients with bronchospasm because of its bronchodilatory properties. It also has indications for supplementing low-potency agents such as nitrous oxide. Ketamine is used for short-term procedural sedation and rapid sequence intubation and is very useful in the emergency department setting for these conditions. It has approval for the induction of general anesthesia as a pre-anesthetic to other general anesthetic agents. It is a superb drug for use in short-term medical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation. Ketamine (ketamine hydrochloride) has been approved for general anesthesia either alone or in combination with other medications. Review the importance of collaboration and communication among interprofessional team members to improve outcomes and efficacy for patients receiving ketamine as an anesthetic agent.
Outline the adverse event profile of ketamine, along with any possible contraindications to its use.Identify the indications for initiating therapy with ketamine.Summarize the mechanism of action of ketamine.This activity covers ketamine, including mechanism of action, pharmacology, adverse event profiles, eligible patient populations, contraindications, monitoring, and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in the management of ketamine anesthesia. It is a superb drug for use in short-term medical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation, and it has approval for the induction of general anesthesia as a pre-anesthetic to other general anesthetic agents.
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